Based on data from the American Community Survey for 2013–2017, Colts Neck residents had a median household income of $167,480, ranked fifth in the state among municipalities with more than 10,000 residents, more than double the statewide median of $76,475. The township has been ranked as one of the state's highest-income communities.

The name was changed to 'Colts Neck Township' as of November 6, 1962, based on the results of a referendum held that day. The municipality of Colts Neck Township was initially established by an act of the New Jersey Legislature as Atlantic Township on February 18, 1847, carved from portions of Freehold Township, Middletown Township, and Shrewsbury Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 9,957, a decrease of 185 (−1.8%) from the 2010 census count of 10,142, which in turn reflected a decline of 2,189 (−17.8%) from the 12,331 counted in the 2000 census. It is located in the New York Metropolitan Area. Colts Neck Township is a township in Monmouth County, in the U.S.

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